
The Cognitive Overturn of NAD+ Anti-Aging: NMN’s Regulatory Reversal, NR’s Pitfalls, and the High Cost of ‘Non-Response’
Direct NAD+ is ineffective. NR, though safer, is limited by the NRK enzyme bottleneck and high-dose risks (CD38/TNF-6). NMN was legally restored in 2025, showing 300% greater efficiency. However, all precursors suffer from AMPK-related “non-response”.








